Stages of Language Development and
The Impact of your Child's Hearing Loss
Stage |
Age (months) |
Description of Productions |
Combinations |
Production of Child who is Deaf |
Comfort Sounds, Cooing |
0-4 |
*Variety of vowels *Sounds that indicate physical state and feelings |
Vowels with change in pitch and duration |
No Difference |
Babbling |
4-6 |
*Back vowels as in : boot, boat, father, and mat *Bilabials: p, b, m |
Consonant+Vowel (C+V) |
No Difference |
Reduplicated Babbling |
7-10 |
*Bilabials: p, b, m *Alveolars: t, d, z *Variety in pitch, rate, loudness, and duration |
*C+V *CVCV *Good transition from consonants to vowels |
May occur within 6-8 months after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
Non-reduplicated Babbling |
10-12 |
*Variety of C+V combinations within a single utterance * Variety in pitch, rate, loudness, and duration |
C1V1C2V2 (pami) |
May occur within 8-12 months after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
Jargon |
16-18 |
*Bilabials: p, b, m *Alveolars: t, d, z *n, h added *Intonation and rhythm similar to that of family |
Example: "oh-da-da-to" to "Ama-nota-doggie?" |
May occur within 12-18 months after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
Echolalia |
16-18 |
*Echoes short phrases and sentences said by others |
Example: Audlt says" I'll get it." Child says, "I ge ih." |
May occur within 12-18 months after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
Telegraphic Speech |
22-24 |
*Adds fricatives: f, s * Adds labio-velar: w *50-65% intelligable |
Example: Child says, “Daddy go” for Did daddy go? Or I want to go with daddy. |
May occur within 1-2 years after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
2-3 Word Phrases |
25-30 |
*May omit final consonants *May substitute consonants *70-80% intelligable |
Example: “No Katie bath.”, “Baby go in car.” |
May occur within 1.5-2.5 years after amplification is placed if the child can hear and discriminate speech. |
Adapted from:
Oller, D.K., Eilers, R.E., Bull, D.H., Carney, A.E. (1985) Speech vocalizations of a deaf infant: A comparison with normal metaphonological development. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research (28) 47-63.